3D Printer Machine Design Using VDI 2221 Method

Abstract

In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, digital transformation in industry involves advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and data-driven manufacturing, which influence the development of science and technology (IPTEK). In this context, this study focuses on the design and manufacture of a cantilever-type 3D printer machine that aims to produce a prototype machine with the ability to print 3D objects efficiently and functionally. Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology, especially Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), is used to transform digital designs into physical products by adding material layer by layer. This 3D printing machine is designed using the VDI 2221 method, which includes four design phases: task classification, product concept design, product form design, and detailed design. The design process is carried out by considering the use of filaments from plastic bottle waste to reduce environmental impacts. The design results show that the variant with the Cartesian model (Variant 1) is selected as the optimal solution based on functional criteria, cost, and ease of assembly. This machine is capable of reaching nozzle temperatures of up to 270°C and bed temperatures of up to 80°C, with a total production cost of Rp 3,657,000.00. This finding shows the potential for utilizing 3D printing technology in plastic waste processing and contributing to the development of more environmentally friendly 3D printer technology.